Essay on Media and Cultivation Theory - 1020 Words

In an ever-increasingly mediated society, mass media has become inseparable with the production of everyday life. Media is now a platform for members of society to connect with global events and other people beyond their own personal experience. For many, the media is a major source of information and â€Å"accounts of violence, as presented by the mass media, are the primary medium by which the average person comes to know crime and justice† (Barak, 1994). The following essay will explore the theories of both cultivation analysis, as established by George Gerbner, as well as agenda setting, reputable to Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw. These concepts will demonstrate how the recent Santa Barbara Shooting is a major media event that reflects a†¦show more content†¦As Griffin (2009, p. 364) so concisely stated, â€Å"the media aren’t very successful in telling us what to think, but they are stunningly successful in telling us what to think about†. In more recent times, the direction of this theory has changed. Scholars have begun to focus on how the media â€Å"frame† social issues through the inclusion and omission of certain attributes of particular events (Ruddock, 2013). â€Å"Framing† refers to the forming of narratives and concepts that deliver meaning as an event unfolds (McCombs and Shaw, 1972). Themes such as media violence, particularly in the event of a school shooting, are often used to repeatedly reinforce social norms that are deemed important by the media. As a result, generic stereotypes are inevitably cast and the potential copycat behavior advertised. Only days ago, Elliot Rodger, a twenty-two year old student at the University of California in Santa Barbara, embarked on a killing spree within the student community of Isla Vista. On the night of May 23, Rodger left six victims dead and thirteen others injured before turning his gun on himself. In the new digital era, society actively participates in both receiving and creating media messages to shape social reality (Ruddock, 2013). InShow MoreRelatedMass Communication Theory Of George Gerbners Cultivation Theory731 Words   |  3 PagesGeorge Gerbner’s *cultivation theory* a macro-level system theory that examines mass communication by studying institutions, message systems, and cultivation analysis (1967; 1970; Gerbner Gross, 1973; Gerbner et al., 1980; Potter, 2014). Theorized during the â€Å"Age of Television† (Shanahan Morgan, 2004), the theory has been applied to newspapers and other media formats, assuming that media institutions â€Å"cultivate facts, nor ms and values of society† (Gerbner, 1970; Gerbner Gross, 1976). SpecificallyRead MoreTelevision Viewing And Protective Action Against Crime1639 Words   |  7 PagesRelate to Engagement in Protective Action Against Crime?: A Cultivation Analysis From a Theory of Reasoned Action Perspective. Communication Research, (28), 802nd ser. Doi:10.1177/009365001028006004 2. This Study is for my Dependent Variables 3. Statement of Study s Purpose and Brief Overview of Literature Review Nabi and Sullivan used the cultivation theory as the base of their study. (2001)Within the study, they also used the theory of reasoned action (TRA) (Fishbein Ajzen, 1975) as a modelRead MoreThe Media And Television Influences People s View Of Reality1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe theory that suggests the media and television influences people’s view of reality. George Gerbner and Larry Gross and a few other associates developed cultivation theory in 1976. â€Å"Cultivation Theory postulates that as individuals are exposed to more of a certain kind of television programs, each exposure plants sees that grow into a perspective that is largely influenced by the themes presented in the programs,† (Gerbner p.15). There are different assumptions regarding the Cultivation Theory andRead MoreInterpersonal Oppression In Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye1474 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The media has become the world’s largest oppression outlet. Whether it be through movies, TV shows, or real-life news, the media has become capable of shifting one’s view on either yourself or other groups of people. Types of oppression that can result from the media include, but are not limited to, internalized oppression and interpersonal oppression. Internalized oppression is when a member of an oppressed group believes and acts out the stereotypes created about their group. InterpersonalRead MoreThe Violence Of Police Officers Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesiconic and fearless leader recognized the unjust behavior within society as a result of racially motivated police brutality and societal discrimination. Though his efforts were not in vain, today’s media representation of law enforcement impacts the societal cultivation of police officers in a negative way. Media outlets, in the forms of television, radio, or social websites, create a cynical view of poli ce officers, which influences societal beliefs and creates negative connotations. These days, policeRead MoreThe Roles Of Latinas On Television1087 Words   |  5 Pagesto reach equal representation and grant better opportunities for everyone. Historically, the absence of diversity in the media has been noticeable for decades, however, now it has been more questionable than before as the United States has become more diverse. When it comes to primetime television, it is important to turn the attention to the impact that Latinas have on the media landscape. Although they have been underrepresented throughout the medium, the Latino community has no doubt that thereRead MoreThe International Communication Association For An Academic Readership1652 Words   |  7 PagesCritical analysis Title Romer, Daniel, Hall Jamieson, Kathleen Aday, Sean 2003, ‘Television News and the Cultivation of Fear of Crime’, Journal of communication, vol. 53, pp. 88-104. Topic This paper explores the concept of cultivation theory and the way in which violent programming on television can instil fear and influence perceptions when it comes to experiencing crime in the community. In using research findings to explore their hypothesis, the authors focus on analyzing data which underpinsRead MoreThe Effects Of Mass Media And Communication On The Society1674 Words   |  7 PagesMedia Message Introduction Behavioral sciences play a central role in figuring out the likely effect of mass media and communication in the society. Different theories and approaches are used to figure this out. This study refers to the Uses and Gratifications, and Cultivation theories to consider the effect of the media article below on individuals. The uses and gratification theory argues that consumers of a given media uses this media to satisfy and fulfill specific desires and needs. On theRead MoreThe Roots Of Cultivation Theory1727 Words   |  7 PagesCultivation is a theory used to study media effects that was founded by George Gerbner. Gerbner wanted to find a new way to examine media effects but with a shift in focus from the traditional way media effects was studied. Gerber recognized that instead of media directly affecting a person’s behavior that overtime, long-term exposure to violent television programs has the ability to change a person’s beliefs and attitudes. This paper will d iscuss the roots of cultivation theory, create a workingRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On The Media Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Mental illness is often wrongly portrayed in the United States’ media creating stigmatization and misrepresentation. Mental illness â€Å"refers to a wide range of mental disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). Examples of disorders include anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Any â€Å"negative attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are called stigma† (Wilson et al., 2016, p. 2) and stigma can contribute

The Effects Of The Recession On The Economy And It s...

In the year of 2007 Americans were plagued with a recession that negatively impacted the US economy and it’s citizens. Economic activity slowed down, a downturn in the business cycle occurred, and the amounts of goods and services produced were reduced (Census). Many individuals will take their own opinion on this crisis, and the root cause. The truth is, there are many causes of the 2007 recession: the actions of the banks and their consistent lends on mortgages, the actions of humans and their inability to save and invest, and the unresponsiveness of higher authorities all contributed to this mess in several ways (Thomas, Bill). However, the main causes of the financial crisis are due to the optimism of experts, investor and human behavior, and the theory of evolution. In the following, I will demonstrate how these three factors lead to the recession. First, I will explain thoroughly the nature of these ideologies. Next, I will demonstrate specifically how these factors built up to the recession by stating facts and giving evidence. Finally, I will conclude this essay by demonstrating the importance of being knowledgeable of the main causes of the 2007 recession, and how it will help in future economic activity. Positivity is one factor that influences individuals in a variety of ways. Happiness brings forth more opportunities. In the world of economics, it has been known to create an opportunity for more spending. American optimism contributed to the financial crisis.Show MoreRelatedRunning Head: Great Recession 1. Great Recession5. . .884 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: GREAT RECESSION 1 GREAT RECESSION 5 Great Recession Name Institution Great Recession There are times when a nation undergoes economic hardship for a long or short period of time. The recession is the term used by economists to define this period, it is a time when the nation?s economic GDP is low for more than two quarters consecutively (Beckworth, 2012). Recession often results in plunges in the stock market, unemployment, housing market, and a decrease in the qualityRead MoreThe Great Recession Of The United States905 Words   |  4 Pagesliving for its citizens and continue its leadership of the free world. This country went through an economic depression which lasted several years throughout the 1920’s and the 1940’s but successfully recovered from it after World War II. An economic boom in the 1990’s during George Clinton’s Presidency the federal budget was managed to be balanced and helped increase the economic crisis of the United States. The recovery did not last long as the United Stated went through a huge recession during Georg eRead MoreEssay on National Debt1368 Words   |  6 Pageswhich will affect not only the lives of the current citizens, but generations thereafter. Currently, the United States public debt is approximately $9.5 trillion, in long form, that’s $9,500,000,000,000. This ridiculous amount of money is a historical accumulation of misappropriated surpluses and exacerbated deficits. It is important for American citizens to not only understand the national debt concept, but also understand the causes and effects that lead to this point and what action we as AmericansRead MoreThe Recession Since World War II Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Recession period was between the end of 2007 and the middle of 2009, which makes it the lengthiest recession since World War II. The gross domestic product (GDP) fell 4.3% from its peak in the fourth quarter of 2007 to its trough in the second quarter of 2009, the largest decline in the post-war period. The rate for unemployment was 5 % at the end of 2007 and increased to 9.5% in the middle of 2009 and reached 10 % in October 2009. The credit crunch had many effects on the economy. One ofRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1930 S1476 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat depression of the 1930’s and the great recession in the United State of America. First, I’ll make a general overview of each of these two different periods and then focus on certain specific aspects during these different times. This will include the causes to the economic recessions witnessed, impacts of the economic recessions and the solutions that were introduced. When talking about any topic regarding American history, it would be hard not to mention the 1930’s great depression. Authors inRead MoreThe United States Will Suffer An Economic Catastrophe887 Words   |  4 Pagesof the investment community, â€Å"China has indeed been a prolific buyer of U.S. debt over the past decade; in 2000, Mainland China owned less than $60 billion of Treasury debt [and] by 2010, it owned more than $1 trillion, surpassing Japan as America s largest foreign creditor.† It is hard to imagine that such a world power like the United States needs any assistance from others. For years it has been speculated that without the help of China buying U.S debt, they will be in a huge deal of problemsRead MoreThe Great Recession Of 2008 Was A Worldwide Economic Downturn1673 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Recession of 2008 was a worldwide economic downturn that impacted the global economy. Economists consider the economic decline as one of the most damaging r ecessions that occurred since the Great Depression of 1930’s. Several documentations and research regarding the recession have been made to make a better understanding of the economic downturn in 2008 as well as the global economy as a whole. The book used as reference in this essay, the Diary Of A Very Bad Year: Confessions of an AnonymousRead MoreThe Unwinding Response Paper1220 Words   |  5 PagesRegulates the Dream   During the 2000’s,  the United States witnessed  one of the worst economic recessions since the Great Depression. Between  the years  2007 and 2009, America would describe its economy as the Great Recession. George Packer’s book The Unwinding: An Inner History of  the  New America covers the stories of non-fictional citizens, who were in one way or another, affected by the social, political, and economic changes pre, during, and post recession years. In his book Packer  uses pureRead MoreThe President Of Bartavia s Fiscal Policy With The Intention Of Manipulating Inflation And Unemployment833 Words   |  4 Pagespresident, I would strongly advise against implementing this policy. Currently, the economy is not in a recession making the trade-offs associated with economic expansion counter intuitive. In addition, the Phillips Curve demonstrates the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, making the need for expansionary action unnecessa ry right now. Finally, Okun s Law shows how this policy would effect Bartavia s GDP via the sacrifice ratio. These three reasons show that the long-run consequencesRead MoreThe World s Economy Was Devastated1732 Words   |  7 Pagesthe western world’s economy was devastated. With the crash of the United States Wall Street, the realm drove into what is now known as the â€Å"Great Recession†. Its neighbour to the north, Canada also felt these affects as unemployment and poverty grew. After a decade of despair, the massive rise in government spending for the Second World War and the reductions in taxes, the economies returned to prosper. With decades of industrialization, population growth and surging economies, the Western World

The Stranger Free Essays

The Stranger Chris Drusbosky 3/5/12 Professor Krauss In the story â€Å"The Stranger† by Albert Camus, the belief that the themes of loss and retrieval are at the core of Mersault’s mythology, and that they illumine the notion of exile to which he returns so often is widely discussed. I however do not believe that either one of those themes has anything to do with the Mersault and the exile to which he returns to so often, rather I believe that Mersault’s own attitude is the reason for the exile he experiences in the story. The first theme that is said to play a role in Mersault’s exile is the theme of loss. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stranger or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though Mersault does lose his mother in the beginning of the story, it does not affect how he acts throughout the rest of the story and he continues on like nothing ever even happened. â€Å"Then there was the church and the villagers on the sidewalks, the red geraniums on the graves in the cemetery, Perez fainting, the blood red earth spilling over Maman’s casket, the white flesh of the roots mixed in with it, more people, voices, the village, waiting in front of a cafe, the incessant drone of the motor, and my joy when the bus entered the nest of lights that was Algiers and I knew I was going to go to bed and sleep for twelve hours. The Stranger page 18. Normally when someone’s mother dies, you are filled with grief and sadness and you cannot help but to think about how much you miss her and love her. In this quote, Mersault shows no type of sad emotion whatsoever. He seems to be completely unmoved and unchanged emotionally by the death of his mother. Not only does h e not show any emotion at his mother’s funeral, the very next day he meets with his mistress Marie Cardona and spends the day with her going swimming, seeing a movie, and spending the night at his house with her. Both of these examples clearly show that Mersault is unmoved by the death of his mother and it plays no role whatsoever in the exile that he encounters throughout the story. The second theme that is said to play a significant role in Mersault’s exile is the theme of retrieval. If there is one thing in my eyes that Mersault never did throughout the course of this story, it would be that he never retrieved anything and that he always stayed the same throughout the story. Mersault seems to maintains the same attitude towards everything that happens in the story, the â€Å"I don’t care or believe in much† type attitude. One example that proves that Mersault possesses this attitude was after he was arrested for shooting the Arab 5 times. The magistrate asks him if he believes in God. â€Å"But he cut me off and urged me on one last time, drawing himself up to his full height and asked me if I believed in God. I said no. He sat down indignantly. He said it was impossible; all men believed in God, even those who have turned their backs on him. That was his belief, and if he were to ever doubt it, his life would be meaningless. † The Stranger page 69. This quote is a perfect example that even after he has murdered a man, Mersault still maintains that same attitude towards everything and he remains unchanged. You would think that especially after the fact that he murdered someone, he would have changed his attitude a little bit or that maybe he would have had some kind of revelation and he would realize that he has done something terribly wrong. However none of this occurs with Mersault and he continues to be himself and does not change anything about himself and that he retrieves nothing from his actions and that it plays no role in his exile. Though both of the themes of loss and retrieval may seem like they play a role in Mersault’s exile in the story, I do not believe they do. I believe that Mersault’s attitude is the cause of the exile he experiences. When one has a â€Å"I don’t care or believe in much†, you can easily be separated and apart from the world. Had Mersault cared more about certain things or had he shown more interest in them, I believe he would not have encountered any type of exile in the story. But when you constantly see phrases like: I don’t know, I don’t care, I don’t believe etc. you get the idea that the person saying those phrases is in some kind of exile from everyone else. Mersault is clearly responsible for his own exile in this story due to his attitude towards things. Loss and retrieval do not play a role in the exile that Mersault experiences and everything that he encounters and endures is because of his attitude and nothing to do with the thought of whether or not he lost something and retrieved something. If Mersault were to ask himself: Why are these things happening to me and why do I seem to be separated form everyone else? All he would have to do is look in the mirror and he would see the cause of everything that he has gone through. While Mersault is in prison, he talks about how he misses certain things of life on the outside of prison and how he feels separated. My response to Mersault would be: If you had a sense of caring or interest in things, maybe you wouldn’t be here in prison in the first place and maybe you also wouldn’t feel exiled and separated from everyone else. How to cite The Stranger, Essay examples

Chasing a High free essay sample

My life used to be so different. I often found myself sitting at home thinking about my presence on earth and what my purpose was. Not only was I curious, I was frustrated. Frustrated that my peers were deeply enthralled in their own spiritual lives but here I was left to figure it all out myself. So, I took it as a challenge to learn more about myself and to discover the deeper meaning of life. Being a very independent person, I brought it upon myself to embrace faith although I was brought up so strongly without it. It all started in a car with one of the most influential people in my life whether he knows it or not, my basketball coach Joe. I found myself sitting his car on the way home from a strenuous basketball game in which he would strongly criticize me, but never too much to handle. We will write a custom essay sample on Chasing a High or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Suddenly, the thought of asking him about his spiritual life swiftly filled my mind, but I blew it off, thinking to myself it was just one of my many errant thoughts. As we came to the next light a few minutes later the thought arose in my head again, and when the light turned green, I vividly remember passing a baptist church. At that point, I knew that my thought wasnt just a random occurrence so anxiously I asked How did you start to become a believer of any faith?, his response is one Ill never forget. He went on to tell me how his parents got divorced and he grew up in a Catholic family and how his life was at an all time low when he decided to believe in any faith related teachings. He then asked for my permission to pray for me, although we were sitting in the car together, which, uneasily I said sure. It was in this moment that I realized I had a special connection with a God. A feeling of the most filling warmth entered my heart and it was something Ive never felt before, w ith my eyes beginning to water I reflected on my life and what I wanted to be and who I was now. From that point on in my life, Ive been chasing that feeling of warmth. Ive been helping out in the community, talking to people, giving advice, and most importantly trying to better myself. Although many feelings of a high are usually drug related and cause negative impacts on your life, this feeling that Im chasing is one that has had such a positive impact on my life and brought me to a higher level of character. The longing I feel everyday for that feeling continues to push me to be the best I can be and more importantly be filled with a new spirituality that propels me to become that person Ive always wanted to be.